TRASHITECTS

A Robot is a device or group of devices, electromechanical or bio-mechanical able to perform tasks in an autonomous, or through human control. Robots are commonly used in performing tasks poorly lit, or performing tasks dirty or dangerous for humans. Industrial robots used in production lines are the most common form of robots, but this is changing recently due to the popularity of commercial robots floor cleaners and lawn mowers. Other applications include the treatment of toxic waste, underwater exploration and space, surgery, mining, search and rescue, and location of land mines. The robots also appear in the areas of entertainment and household chores.

The term robot comes from the Czech word robota, meaning “forced labor”. The robot in this imaginary world originated with a piece of the playwright Karel Čapek in which there was an Automaton in human form, able to do everything rather than man.

Ignoring the official definition of RIA (Robotics Industries Association), a robot would be an automatic device that has connections to feedback (feedback) between their sensors, actuators and the environment, eliminating the action of direct human control to carry out certain tasks, and can also be robots partially or totally controlled by people. The degree of automation of a robot can reach the level of automatic learning, depending on the algorithms used – though with many limitations because of the obvious difficulties of simulating reality in computational level.

The robots perform tasks through actuators (electric, pneumatic, sound etc..) Producing sounds, lighting elements or light displays, a moving arm, robotic gripper opening or closing, or doing your own shifting.

Control is provided by algorithms that relate the inputs and outputs of the robot, through electronic processing units and software, which can range from an electronic control circuit even a personal computer. By this definition, many automated devices could be a robot.

The vast majority of serial robots is available in the industry and there, the tasks performed are the displacement in an environment (locomotion) and movement of objects around (manipulation). This distinction can divide tasks for the robots into two categories: mobile robots and robot manipulators, though some perform both functions.

The mechanical structures of the robots are developed to perform certain movements. The handlers are usually in the form of an anthropomorphic arm. Your joints can perform rotation and translation.

The joints are mechanical elements that connect the members (parts) of the structure of mobile robots or manipulators and can be:

rotational (rotating around a fixed axis)
prismatic (translational motion)
Or combination of both. (Eg movement of a screw)

A parallel robot is one consisting of closed kinematic chains and are often characterized by not having a mobile limb actuators.

Proprioceptive sensors receive signals from the robot’s actuators (eg registers relative position between two axes, registers the angular position, lap counters). Proprioceptive is one of the most important senses of the human body.

Alternatively, the term robot has been used to designate a series of machines which directly replace a human being or an animal at work or play. Thus, a robot can be seen as a form of bio-mimicry. The lack of anthropomorphism is probably the main cause that prevents us from recognizing a dishwasher highly complex like a robot. However, in modern understanding, the term implies a certain level of autonomy that would exclude many machines were called robots. The search for cognitive autonomous robots or robots increasingly self-sufficient, is currently a focus of research in robotics, leading to the field of Artificial Intelligence.

The term robot is also widely used to refer to sophisticated mechanical devices that are remotely controlled by people having little or no degree of automation. This class provides the simulation of robots present, if used video cameras transmitting images in real time to the robot controller.